FIRST OBSERVATION, ANALISYS REQUIREMENT

The differences between the purpose of the system that was developed with the actual condition of the system, the system required investigation.

Another problem is the detection of the problems that the report does not match the reality as a goal that is too ideal, lack of resources, the old system of measurement is less accurate, objective system that does not comply with the development and the differences between the ideal system with the system temporarily.

Goal is to conduct investigations to get a description of the system is running in the details, get a consensus that the ideal system, to develop several alternative solutions and choose the best alternative to the system. And to know the problems that actually occur in the system.

Conduct investigations in several problems that often appear are: the time given for the investigation is too short, the cost required for the investigation is very big, Resources, knowledge of the limited, subject to the political situation is happening, and the intervention of parties who want to benefit from the system

The results of the investigation is a recommendation, among others,
1. Does not take any action if the problem does not exist
2. perform maintenance of the system if there is a small problem occurs in the system
3. improve the skills of the system
4. Consider modifications to total system
5. put the problem to occur in the development plan system which immediately made

To conduct investigations, the specific strategies needed to be able to find the problem, explore the causes and determine the most appropriate solution.

Strategies must be done so that all elements of the system can accept the given bids solution without disrupting the event.

some strategies that do get to listen to with the perpetrator of the system, comparing the stories of some of the problems the same time, concerned about the logical inconsistencies, and does not provide solutions without the initial investigation first.

there are several techniques in the investigation
a. directly
is done with techniques that get information directly from users to the system such as the questionnaire, discussion between users, or make observations directly
b. no direct
investigation is conducted indirectly with the study documents.

Analysis Requirement
Stage of intensive interaction between the systems analyst with the end user where the system development team show their expertise to get feedback and trust so that the user get a good participation.

4 purpose that want to achieved:
- Explain the complete system
- describing the ideal Information System
- Bringing the ideal information system to a condition at this time to pay attention to the constraints of resources
- Providing encouragement to the confidence of user in the system development

Method:
- FAQ
- Kuisioner
- Observation
- Analysis procedure
- Document observation

Resources problems:
- Time
- Money
- Expertise
- Technology
- External Factors

Document requirement:
- Analysis direction: Relationships with end users, the observation process, problems in data collection
- User Requirements: actual requirement, reporting requirements, training requirement and the influence of the new system
- System Obstacle: Explaining the cost and time constraints, expertise, technology, and external factors
- Document form data collection instruments, statistical consensus, flow of the logical data and physical data, data elements in the initial data dictionary.

Generating Systems Alternatives
How to approach the condition of the system at this time with the condition of the ideal system?
- Create an alternative to solve the problem of information system
- The best alternative is applied wisely

Options Strategies
- Distributed versus centralized processing
Changes in information decision-making from the centralized data processing to the decentralized end user responsibility center
- Integrated versus dispersed database
System designer must consider the data which are entered in the database and into the file
- Surround Strategy of System Development
About important environmental strategy in the case of company takeovers because the information system of other companies may vary with the company at this time.

Designing Operational Options
The design options can be grouped into:
a. Input
- Online Vs Off Line Data Entry
- Keyed Vs Machine Readable Data Entry
- Centralized Vs Decentralized Data Entry
b. Processing
- Batch Vs Realtime record update
- Sequential Vs Direct Access to records
- Single Vs Multiple Users update of records
c. Output
- Traditional Vs Turn Around Documents
- Structured Vs Inquiry-based reports

Selecting the proper system :
Compare tactics: systems based on the comparison of costs and benefits relative; There are 3 ways a system said the system is superior to the other if:

- A cost is lower than B and both are the same benefits

- A cost is lower than B and A yield advantage of more than B

- A and B have the same but the cost advantage generated a lot more.

Some compare System methods : Break Even point Analyisis, Payback Period, Discounted payback period, Internal Rate of Return

Cost categories :
- Hardware
- Software
- People
- Suppliers
- Teleccommunications
- Physical sites

Comparing the cost of information systems through the life of the system, analysis is calculating the cost changes for the future and there are 3 models of cost of information system, namely Linear, and exponentially Step Function.

Cost of information system can occur only once and can also occur continously. The cost of information systems that occur only once is ontime cost and development cost that occur during the development of the system. The cost of information systems that occur on a continual basis are reccuring cost and operational cost where the cost of this is happened when the information system operates every day.

Qualitative factors that lead the performance information system :
- Reduce errors
- Reducing the time to fix errors
- Reduce the response time from the workstation alternative
- Accelerate the time of providing information
- Improve security systems
- Propagate update records on the source
- Increasing user satisfaction

Corporate Strategy Factors
- Customer satisfaction
- Level sales increased
- Commitment of consumers and vendors
- Information of marketing products

Presenting Learning Of System
- Conduct a brief presentation
- Reduce technical explanation in detail
- Presenting clearly with visual aids
- If using a model using a tool such as a laptop so that more informative
- Emphasize the benefits of the proposed information system with some alternative that is appropriate conditions experienced by the company.

Go-No-Go Decision.

- If the company decided to develop the system, the information department will do next, namely the System Design Process.
- If the other way then the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) will be terminated.
- Often a problem will be found with the study system and then usually top management will ask for the re-employment the study system.
- Model will describe some of the stages of the repeated and sometimes the information will make a decision before the repeat stage system of study.
- With the alternative, the decision to repeat a previous stage SDLC or not is called Go-No-Go Decision.